Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of Hepatitis B Virus isolated from HIV patients attending referral center in Abuja Acc
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Date
2023-03-25
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Research Journal of Public and Environmental Health
Abstract
The co-infection of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) with the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the major challenges in the
management of HIV. Both viral infections are among the clinical
conditions of public health importance with high mortality and
morbidity worldwide, especially in developing countries like Nigeria.
They share common route of transmission which puts HIV positive
individuals at risk of co-infection. It is therefore, necessary to document
the molecular epidemiological dynamics of HBV among HIV patients in
HIV referral center in Abuja, Nigeria. Using stratified random sampling,
200 HIV infected individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy ART were
sampled in a referral center in Abuja, Nigeria and were evaluated for
HBV using Rapid Test Device (RTD) strip for HBsAg, HBV Combo Rapid
Test Cassette 5 Panel HBV. HBV and HIV viral DNA and RNA were
extracted and characterized genotypically for HBV genotype A, B, C, D, E,
and F specific genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by
sequencing. Obtained sequences were edited using the bioinformatics
software. The overall prevalence of HBV among the study population
was 10.0% (20/200), 15.0% (30/200), and 20.0% (40/200), for RTD
strip, RTD HBV cassette and PCR, respectively. The genotypic
characterization is HBV genotype E. Based on the study; the genotypic
characterization is 100% of the study population. Gender, occupation,
marital status, level of education and place of residence were the risk
determinants of HBV among study population. The relatively high
prevalence of HBV/HIV coinfection and the presence of circulating HBV
genotype E has provided important epidemiological information on the
molecular characteristics of HBV in HIV-infected in Nigeria, and this has
important clinical relevance in the management of HBV/HIV co
infection. Also, PCR has proven to be the most sensitive technique in the
diagnosis of HBV. The findings of this research confirm that HBV is a
major co-morbid infection and a threat to HIV patients. The PCR is the
best method of diagnosis. The health sector, federal and state ministry of
health should improve in providing PCR machines, creating awareness
and vaccinating the populace against HBV to reduce the prevalence of
these infections.
Description
Keywords
Hepatitis B virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Co-infection, referral centre, prevalence
Citation
Charity Ndidi Obum-Nnadi, Chika Maureen Ezenwa, John Chima Ndubisi, Christy Chinyere Fredrick, Nathaniel Ejikeme Onyenwe, Ndidi Blessing Ohabughiro, Kelechukwu Sylvester Nwokorie, Obum Okechukwu Nnadi, Christie Amechi Oyeka and Ikechukwu Okoli (2023).Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of Hepatitis B Virus isolated from HIV patients attending referral center in Abuja. International Research Journal of Public and Environmental Health. 10(1):17-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15739/irjpeh.23.002,https://www.journalissues.org/IRJPEH/