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    COMPARISON OF THE DRIVERS OF SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PRACTICES BETWEEN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS IN KARU, FCT, ABUJA
    (2023) YAHAYA, Amina
    Adolescence is a sensitive period in an individual's life where sexual practices are mostly initiated. Most youths are usually not equipped with sufficient knowledge to make informed decisions regarding their SRH. Young people make up a significant portion of the population. This study aimed to compare the drivers of sexual and reproductive health practices between adolescents and young adults in Karu, Abuja. The study used a comparative cross sectional design using a mixed method for data collection. Quantitative data was gotten from 279 participants comprising 141 adolescents (15-19years) and 138 young adults (20-24years) via a semi structured questionnaire and analyzed with the SPSS statistical software version 16.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was gotten from 5 adolescents and 5 young adults via in depth interview and analyzed manually. The level of knowledge of SRH among adolescent was lower than with the young adults. The mean age at sexual debut was 17.9 years. About 12.8% of adolescents compared to 39.9% of young adults had sexual intercourse in the last six months prior to the study. There was a low percentage of adolescents (2.5%) and young adults (10.4%) who had unwanted pregnancy, STIs (6.4% and 15.5% respectively), take alcohol (12.8% and 19.6% respectively), smoke (3.5% and 4.3% respectively), non-prescription drugs intake (2.8% and 2.9% respectively). However, 52.5% adolescents and 58.6% young adults knows where SRH services are rendered while 16% and 17.4% respectively had sought for these services. This multivariate regression analysis of the study found that factors such as gender (OR=1.01; CI=0.80-1.28), religion (OR=1.04; CI=0.77-1.41), family structure (OR=1.55; CI=1.08-2.21) and educational status (OR=1.10; CI=0.61-2.00) had more influence in the adolescents SRH practices as compared to the young adult in Karu, Abuja. Therefore, there is need for proper education of parents/guardians on SRH and as well, the establishment of accessible youth friendly reproductive health centers for adequate information and health care services on safe SRH practices.
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    THE INFLUENCE OF STRESS MANAGEMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY CENTRE, ABUJA.
    (2022) SULEIMAN, Abiodun Oniyangi
    The study examined the Influence of Stress Management on Employees’ Performance: A case study of National Productivity Centre, Abuja. Employee performance has been described in many ways; ability to achieve targets, realize goals, attain benchmarks. Most commonly, people immediately talked of job performance as what a person did at work, while Job stress as a predictor is of great concern and has become a key challenge for the organizations because of its overriding influence on the performance of an individual as well as the organization. Hence, the study aimed at examining the influence of stress management on employees’ performance. The study utilized the instrument of questionnaire to gather the requisite data from 200 respondents. The questionnaire served as a major tool for the collection of data for the study. The data collected were analyzed statistically by the use of frequency tables, percentage and chi-square testing tool. The findings of the study revealed that there is a relationship between stress management and employee efficiency in National Productivity Centre and there is a relationship between stress management and employee effectiveness in National Productivity Centre, Abuja. Therefore, the study recommends that, management of organizations should encourage employees to spend time with their family and they should be allowed to go home at a reasonable time to meet their family in order to avoid work family-related stress and the management of the studied firms needs to formulate a policy that ensures role clarity plans, which can relieve the employees from role ambiguity.
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    PREVALENCE AND DETERMINTION OF FUNGAL PATHOGENS AND AFLATOXINS ASSOCIATED WITH COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L. WALP) SEEDS OBTAINED FROM COMMERCIAL FARMERS IN SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA.
    (2021) OLUGBODI, Funmilayo Christiana
    A study was conducted to identify fungal pathogens associated with Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) seeds obtained from southern western states of Nigeria, characterize the fungi pathogens suing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and identify the aflatoxins associated with the fungi pathogens. Three hundred seed samples of cowpea were collected from twenty (20) local governments across five states in the south west of Nigeria namely Oyo, Osun, Ondo, Ekiti and Ogun. The seed samples were sterilised before plated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) in order to isolate and identify the fungi pathogens present. The identification was done morphologically, and using molecular method. For the molecular method, ITS Universal Fungi primer was used for the PCR analysis to amplify the extracted DNA. This was followed by gene sequencing using Genetic Analyzer 3130x1 sequencer from Applied Biosystems. Aspergillus flavus isolated from these seed samples were screened for aflatoxin production using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. A total of twenty-four fungi belonging to 14 fungal genera and 24 species were detected from seeds of cowpea. These were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus temarii, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Corynespora cassiicola,, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium verticilioides, Lasicodiplodia theobromae, Macrophomina phaseolina, Penicillium oxalicum, Penicillium chyrosogenum, Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola, Rhizopus stolonifera, Rhizotonia solani, Rhizopus oligosporus, Septoria vignae, Xanthomonas vignicola, Xanthomonas axonopodis. Result shows that Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Botryodiplodia theobromae were the most common with respective values, 7.77, 7.61 and 6.59%. Ondo state had the highest level of disease incidence of 76.61%. The size of the amplicon ITS1/ITS4 fragment ranges from 345 to 740bp. Aflatoxins B1 and B2 were detected in 298 of the tested samples across the states with Ado Ekiti from Ekiti states recording the highest aflatoxin load of when compared among the states. The study concluded that the level of fungi infestation across the states is high resulting in high occurrence of aflatoxin BI and B2 in the states.
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    EFFECTS OF ADMINISTRATION OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS AND ASCORBIC ACID ON MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
    (2022) OANIPEKUN, Muhammed Akin
    Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Diabetes mellitus has been substantiated to have adverse effects on male reproductive function and its impacts can be seen in increased prevalence of male infertility. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the hypoglycaemic, antioxidant and androgenic properties of Jatrophas curcas and ascorbic acid in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In the experiment, 48 adult male wistar rats were divided into 8 groups. They were treated with ethanolic leaf extract of Jatropha curcas and ascorbic acid for 28days after induction of diabetes with alloxan monohydrate. Group I: Normal control rats, Group II: Normal rats given ethanolic leaf extract of Jatropha curcas(500mg/kg/day), Group III:Normal rats given ascorbic acid(250mg/kg/d), Group IV: Normal rats given Jatropha curcas(500mg/kg/day) + ascorbic acid (250mg/kg/day), Group V: Diabetic rats untreated, then Groups VI, VII and VIII were diabetic rats treated with Jatropha curcas only, ascorbic acid only and coadministration of both Jatropha curcas + ascorbic acid respectively. Results of the experiment showed significant reduction in serum glucose levels, increased level of testicular antioxidant enzymes, increased serum level of testosterone, improved sperm counts, motility, and normal sperm morphology in groups separately treated with Jatropha curcas and ascorbic acid compared to diabetic untreated group. There was significant reduction in sperm quality of groups treated with co-administration of Jatropha curcas and ascorbic acid compared to when used separately. The findings demonstrated that ethanolic leaf extracts of Jatropha curcas could trigger profertility properties in male diabetic rats, due to their potent hypoglycaemic and antioxidant effects, however co-administration of Jatropha curcas and ascorbic acid could be deleterious to male reproductive functions.
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    A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR INSURANCE PRACTICE IN NIGERIA
    (2023) BOLARIN, Aliyu-Faniyan
    Insurance is a sine qua non to any thriving economy. It is axiomatic that without insurance, cultures, individuals, corporations and governments would not recover in time from natural and unnatural disasters. Most times, losses and calamities occur unexpectedly, unpredictably and without warning. Critically, insurance cannot stop the happenings of losses per se but will immediately cushion and mitigate its devastating effect. Insurance is a socio-economic device and a risk transfer mechanism whereby the risks and perils of life and nature are passed from one person known as the insured to an organization called the risk bearer. In the event of the risks insured happening, the risk bearer will indemnify the insured based on the agreed terms and conditions embodied in the insurance policy. There is a plethora of insurance laws in Nigeria, but lamentably, these laws have not stimulated the growth of the insurance industry. The Nigerian insurance industry is expected to not only galvanize our national economy, but also to increase the quality of life through various insurance policies of the majority of Nigerians. Hence, the research sought to know why despite the practice of insurance even before Nigeria’s independence the industry is still bedeviled by outdated laws and unbecoming practices that have retarded the flourishing of this critical financial subsector. Doctrinal approach methodology was employed in the research endeavour. The primary sources were the Insurance Act 2003, the National Insurance Commission (NAICOM) Act 1997 and the Nigeria Council of Registered Insurance Brokers (NCRIB) Act 2003 whilst textbooks, journals, newspapers and internet sources constitute the key secondary source. The research found that the compulsory insurance laws were being contravened with impunity and the regulator was not sufficiently empowered to carry out their responsibilities. Additionally, the study adopted a qualitative research methodology that ensured a critical appraisal of primary and secondary sources of data which entailed the provisions of all legislations affecting insurance practice in Nigeria. Consequently, the work discovered that amid poor image perception and below average performance, the Nigerian insurance industry is ironically challenged by some practitioners’ crass practices. On that account, it was recommended that the extant insurance laws – Insurance Act 2003 and others NAICOM Act 1997 and NCRIB Act 2003 and should as a matter of urgency be amended to not only reflect modern insurance laws and practices but also our sociocultural environment. A further recommendation was that the insuring public whose claims were not paid by delinquent underwriters despite the admission of liabilities, should be paid directly by NAICOM. The research concluded that even though insurance is of international character, nonetheless our insurance laws and practices should be robust, dynamic, pragmatic and reliable in ensuring prompt payments of insurance claims and swift resolution of dispute. By so doing, the global business community will take Nigeria’s risks sector seriously.