Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C among HIV Patients attending Wuse District Hospital Abuja, Nigeria
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Date
2022-06-29
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Journal of Applied Health Sciences and Medicine
Abstract
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus are among the clinical conditions of public health importance with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. These two infections share common route of transmission that puts HIV positive individuals at risk of co-infection with HBV. It is therefore necessary to document the seroprevalence of HBV among HIV patients in Abuja. Materials and Methods: The seroprevalence of HBV among HIV patients attending Wuse district hospital in Abuja was studied using the Rapid Test Detection (RTD) strips, Methods involving Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) (PCR). Non-HIV volunteers in the same area served as control. DNA and RNA were extracted with zymo extraction kits, the genes purity quantified by Nanodrop 1000 and amplified by 9700 Applied Biosystem Thermocycler. The amplicons were resolved by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis. Phylogenetic analysis and sequencing were done by Inquaba South Africa and data analysed statistically with Graphpad prism version 7. A total of four hundred (400) subjects were involved in the study using Stratified Random Sampling method; two hundred (200) HIV patients from the district hospital and two hundred (200) for the Non-HIV volunteers within Abuja Municipal. Results: The prevalence of hepatitis B in Wuse district hospital using RTD was 4% as against 20% when PCR method was used. The phylogenetic analysis of HIV revealed HIV1 isolate closely related to AF069943.1 HIV-1 isolate with 2,538 bp genomic DNA obtained in 1995 from a hospitalized individual from Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria. The prevailing HBV genotype was HBV genotype E. Conclusion: The findings of this research confirm that HBV is a major co-morbid infection and a threat to HIV patients. The PCR is the best method of diagnosis. The government should improve in creating awareness and vaccinating the populace to reduce the prevalence of these infections.
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Keywords
Seroprevalence, patients, phylogenetic analysis, genotype
Citation
Obum-Nnadi, C.N., Oyeka, C. A., Ezenwa, C. M., Dennis Amaechi. (2022). Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C among HIV Patients attending Wuse District Hospital Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Health Sciences and Medicine, 2(2):31-40.