Department of Microbiology

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Browsing Department of Microbiology by Subject "Biodegradation"

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    Crude Oil BiodegFlehradation Potential of Lipase Produced by Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil
    (Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, 2024) Aransiola, Sesan Abiodun
    Microbial biodegradation of oil pollutants and their derivatives has become the most environmental-friendly method in the developing world. The aim of this study was to evaluate crude oil biodegradation potential of lipase produced by indigenous bacteria from oil contaminated soil. Indigenous bacteria isolates were identified as species of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the isolates were able to produce lipase as revealed in their zone of clearance on tween 80 agar plates and the presence of lipase produced by the two bacteria were further confirmed using spectrophotometric analyses. Lipase produced by B. subtilis showed maximal lipase activity at pH 8 and 40 while the enzyme produced by P. aeruginosa showed maximal lipase activity (U/mL) at pH 8 and 50 when subjected to various pH and temperature respectively. Lipase produced by B. subtilis recorded 8.11 ± 0.70 of crude oil degradation in mineral salt medium within 28 days, while that of P. aeruginosa recorded 15.6 ± 0.03 of crude oil biodegradation. The GC–MS analysis of the crude oil treatment showed complete mineralization of several compounds, and also showed peak reduction which indicates lipase efficiency in the degradation of hydrocarbons. As revealed by GC–MS analysis, out of the 8 hydrocarbons identified in an undegraded oil, 5 were completely degraded by the enzyme activities while 2 (toluene and methyl, cyclopentane) were identified with hydrocarbons treated with lipase. The enzymes produced by B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa can serve as useful product for bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil.
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    Crude Oil Biodegradation Potential of Lipase Produced by Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil
    (Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, 2024) Aransiola, S.A.
    Microbial biodegradation of oil pollutants and their derivatives has become the most environmental-friendly method in the developing world. The aim of this study was to evaluate crude oil biodegradation potential of lipase produced by indigenous bacteria from oil contaminated soil. Indigenous bacteria isolates were identified as species of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the isolates were able to produce lipase as revealed in their zone of clearance on tween 80 agar plates and the presence of lipase produced by the two bacteria were further confirmed using spectrophotometric analyses. Lipase produced by B. subtilis showed maximal lipase activity at pH 8 and 40 while the enzyme produced by P. aeruginosa showed maximal lipase activity (U/mL) at pH 8 and 50 when subjected to various pH and temperature respectively. Lipase produced by B. subtilis recorded 8.11 ± 0.70 of crude oil degradation in mineral salt medium within 28 days, while that of P. aeruginosa recorded 15.6 ± 0.03 of crude oil biodegradation. The GC–MS analysis of the crude oil treatment showed complete mineralization of several compounds, and also showed peak reduction which indicates lipase efficiency in the degradation of hydrocarbons. As revealed by GC–MS analysis, out of the 8 hydrocarbons identified in an undegraded oil, 5 were completely degraded by the enzyme activities while 2 (toluene and methyl, cyclopentane) were identified with hydrocarbons treated with lipase. The enzymes produced by B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa can serve as useful product for bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil.
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    Effects of cadmium and lead on the biodegradation of diesel-contaminated soil.
    (Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2019) Aransiola, S.A
    In this research, the soil samples were contaminated with 0.05% and 0.1% of cadmium and lead. Seventy pots containing 200 g of soil were polluted with 5% diesel (w/w) (10 g). The physicochemical parameters of the soil were determined. There was a decrease in the pH, and electrical conductivity but the nitrogen, phosphorous, organic carbon and organic matter increased during the 84 days of biodegradation. The bacteria isolated from diesel oil contaminated soil were species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The GC-MS analysis revealed a significant decrease in the alkane and an increase in the ester constituents of the biodegraded oil samples after 84 days. Diesel oil co-contaminated soil supplemented with 0.1% of cadmium and lead had a percentage degradation of 89.5% and 80.54% respectively while compared to the un-supplemented samples (28.36%) after 84 days. This indicates that lead and cadmium as co-contaminant in diesel contaminated soil improved the rate of biodegradation of diesel.
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    Production of Biosurfactants Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa for Biodegradation of Herbicide.
    (The International Journal of Biotechnology, 2019) Aransiola, S.A
    This study was aimed at isolating Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the soil to produce biosurfactant for degradation of herbicide. The soil sample was collected from oil polluted site in mechanic workshop, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria and transferred to the microbiology laboratory of the University in a sterile polyethylene bag. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from the soil and identified using microbiological and biochemical assays. The isolate was screened for biosurfactant production using haemolytic assay, drop collapse, oil spreading and emulsification test. Biosurfactant production was carried out using mineral salt medium for ten days. The ability of the biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa in degrading herbicide was tested on five concentrations of herbicide (5%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%) and the results showed biodegradation percentages as 56.4%, 53.1%, 32.6%, 29.8% and 26.2% respectively revealing that degradation was higher at lower concentrations. This suggests that herbicide could be biodegraded especially at low concentrations using biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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    Screening of Bacterial Consortium Isolated from Oil Contaminated Soil for its Potential to Degrade Crude Oil.
    (Advanced Science Focus, 2012) Aransiola, S.A.
    Environmental pollution arising from oil spillage, especially hydrocarbon is a major environmental and public health concern. This environmental threat has led to the development of methods used to remediate an oil polluted site, which include the use of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Biological methods have been developed and improved for cleaning up oil contaminated sites and have become an alternative to chemical and physical methods. The potential of bacterial consortium to degrade crude oil was studied for 28 days at 30 C in mineral salt media containing one gram of crude oil. Three bacterial species (Pseudomonas, Micrococcus and Bacillus) were used and their potential to degrade crude oil was tested separately. The best three degrader, were used to construct a bacterial consortium. The highest percentage (98.4%) of total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation was recorded for a bacterial consortium, as compared to the percentage of degradation recorded for single isolate Micrococcus sp. IM6 (77.6%), Pseudomonas sp. IM2 (73.1%) and Bacillus sp. IM4 (67.7%) species, respectively. The result obtained from the study shows that a bacterial consortium is more effective than its single components and it can be used in reclaiming crude oil polluted soil.