CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF ARISTOLOCHIA ALBIDA DUCH

Abstract

In order to treat a variety of ailments in Africa, natural treatments have been used all over the world. Cancer is a major health issue in the world. Chemotherapy, which is mostly used to treat cancer has side effects since it is given for a lengthy period of time. So there is need to provide an alternative treatment from natural compounds from plants. Aristolochia albida plant has been used in traditional medicine to treat various forms of cancer. In this study, n-butanol was used to extract the powdered A. albida material for 72 hours before it was concentrated in a rotary evaporator. The crude extract contains tannins, steroids, glycosides, triterpenes, saponins, and flavonoids, according to phytochemical screening. The DCM and MeOH fractions of the crude n-Butanol extract of A. albida as well as the crude n-Butanol extract were exposed to the cytotoxicity assay (Brine Shrimp Lethality assay (BSLT) and MTT Assay. When tested against five distinct human cancer cell lines, methanol fraction and n-butanol extract showed good activity against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7). Also, n-Butanol extract exhibited the greatest toxicity than Etoposide standard drug against human prostrate carcinoma cells. Two compounds were isolated from this study, which include clerodane diterpenoid (AA2) and lupeol (AA4).