University of Abuja Institutional Repository
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Recent Submissions
Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Survival rate and Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
(Production Agriculture and Technology (PAT), 2024) Sadiq, Hauwa Ohunene
This study evaluated the efficacy of including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Brewer’s yeast in the diet of
Clarias gariepinus. Two hundred and twenty-five C. gariepinus sourced from Fisheries and
Aquaculture Research Farm, Federal University Wukari, were used for the study. The fish were
conditioned for 14 days, distributed into the experimental tanks consisting of 45 fish per treatment in
three replicates in a completely randomised design model and were fed for 84 days. Five experimental
diets were formulated with brewer’s yeast replacing fishmeal at 0% 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%
inclusion levels. The fish were fed 5% of their body weight twice daily. Growth parameters such as
mean weight gain, specific growth rate, and survival rate were evaluated. The water quality parameters
were monitored and recorded throughout the period of experiment. The results showed significant
(p<0.05) differences on the feed intake (911.67g/day – 1120.33g/day), weight gain (401.7g – 459.0g),
and specific growth rate (0.80g/day - 0.88g/day) of C. gariepinus. This apparently suggested that S.
cerevisiae is a potential economical and nutritious feed ingredient for fish. Based on this finding, it was
concluded that Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be included in fish diet up to 75% without impacting
negatively on the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus.
Use of maize cob-activated charcoal for wastewater treatment in aquaculture for reuse
(African Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences (AJAAS), 2024) Sadiq, Hauwa Ohunene
This study investigated the efficacy of activated charcoal made from maize cobs for
processing wastewater obtained from aquaculture. The main objective was to develop a
low-cost and efficient way to recycle wastewater for aquaculture, part of efforts to tackle
water scarcity in Northeast Nigeria. The research evaluated the efficiency of activated
charcoal derived from maize cobs in treating aquaculture wastewater, optimal treatment
duration, and its impact on the survival rate of Clarias gariepinus. Carbonizing maize cob
charcoal was achieved by burning dry maize cobs in a 5L tin as a makeshift kiln with little
or no air and activated using lemon juice. The treatment efficiency of the activated
charcoal was tested by assessing water quality parameters before and after treatments.
Results of pH and ammonia in this study reduced from 8.60 to 7.68 and 1.50 to 0.31 mg/l
respectively while dissolved oxygen increased from 3.06 to 3.51 mg/l after a 24-hour
treatment period. Clarias gariepinus cultured for 56 days in the treated water had a
growth of 12.11g from 2.00g, a total length of 4.82cm, a specific growth rate of 3.22%/d,
and an 86.67% survival rate. This study concludes that the use of maize cob-activated
charcoal is a suitable and affordable method for treating aquaculture wastewater for reuse,
improving fish survival and growth rates.
Relationship between Patients Access to Health Information and Coping with Chronic Disease
(2018) Anyaoku, Ebele N
The research examined the association between patients’ demographics, access to health information on coping and self-efficacy in managing chronic illness. This is a correlation study.
The population for this study is seven hundred and eighty-four patients with chronic diseases in two Federal Government Teaching Hospitals in South-East, Nigeria. A Questionnaire and a Coping with Chronic Diseases Self-Efficacy Scale were instruments for data collection. Correlation analysis shows that access to coping information was positively and significantly correlated with self-efficacy in managing chronic diseases. Multiple Regression suggests that disease type was the only patient characteristics significantly associated with self-efficacy when patients have access to coping information. The study concludes that the significant associations indicate that health information can enable patients develop self-efficacy for coping with chronic diseases. Hospital administrators and all stakeholders involved in health care should create an enabling environment for information sharing and flow to patients with chronic diseases. Librarians should play some roles in creating access to health information for patients with chronic diseases through developing and promoting consumer health information resources.
Hematological changes associated with experimental infection with Trypanosomosis in pigs
(2018-01) Omeje, Jude N.; Akinbobola, Jones S.
A study was conducted to examine and compare the hematological changes associated with single or mixed infection of Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense in Landrace pigs. 20 gilts between 3-5 months and with an average weight of 18.26kg were divided into 4 groups (Group 1 - Trypanosoma brucei infected; Group 2 - Trypanosoma congolense infected; Group 3 mixed Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense infected; Group 4 - Uninfected control). Onset of parasitaemia was 8, 9 and 12 days post infection (pi) for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. During the course of infection, there was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) increase in body temperature between group 2 and 3 and group 4, and decrease in body weight between the infected groups and control. Significant decrease (P<0.05) were also observed in the mean values of Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cell (RBC) and White blood cell (WBC) counts in infected group while there was no aggravating effect in mixed infection in pigs. The decreased concentration in haematology was statistically significantly different (P < 0.05) between the infected and uninfected groups; and in the infected group, was more severe in group 2. Severity of clinical signs was more in single than mixed infections. It was concluded that the infection caused by Trypanosoma congolense is more severe than Trypanosoma brucei, and that there is no synergistic debilitating effect in mixed infection in pigs.
Prevalence of Operable Intracranial Lesions from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a National Trauma Centre
(SpringerOpen, 2024-02-02) Yusuf, Ayodeji Salman
Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) occupies majority of head traumas in most emergency units. Although patients with mild TBI can be reviewed and discharged on head injury advice, a sizeable number require admission for observation or intervention due to operable intracranial lesions. The aim of the study was to establish the preva lence of operable lesions in patients with mild TBI.
Materials and methods: This was a prospective study of consecutive adult patients with mild TBI who had cranial computerized tomography (CT) done at the National Trauma Centre, Abuja. All participants gave informed consent and the study had ethical clearance in the Hospital.
Results: One hundred and three mild TBI patients with cranial CTs were recruited aged 16–76 years with mean age of 32.25±12.35 years. With intention to treat, twenty (20.4%) of them were diagnosed with operable intracranial lesions on CT scans, 19 males and 2 females. Majority of them (14; 66.7%) were young adults within 20–40 years
of age. The lesions were 16 extradural haematomas (76.2%), 3 subdural haematomas (14.3%) and 2 depressed skull fractures (9.5%) of the operable cohort.
Conclusions: Significant number of patients with mild TBI had operable intracranial lesions. Therefore, there is need to screen patients with mild TBI appropriately in order to avoid missed operable lesions.
Keywords: Mild traumatic brain injury, Computerized tomography scan, Haematoma, Clinical decision rule, Operable
intracranial lesions, Nigeria